Improvement in earth-boring machinery



2 SheetsL-Sheet 1.

W. H. SALYEB.. EarthV Bur`ing-Machnery.

Patented Sept. l5

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2 Sheets--Shee-t 2.

W. H. SAL'YER. Earth Boring-Machinery.

vPatented Sept.. 15,1824..

UNITEDSTAT-Es PATENT OEEIcE WILLIAM E. sALYEE, OF OOENING, IOWA, AssIGNOE TO GEORGE W. FRANK AND L. E. DAEEOW, OF SAME PLAGE.

IMPROVEMENT IN EARTH-BORING MACHINERYQV Specification forming part of ALetters Patent No. 154,962, dated'September 15, 1874; application filed l June 13, 1874.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, WILLIAM HENRY SAL- YER, of Corning, Adams county, Iowa, havev invented Improvements inWell-Boring Machines, of which the following is a specication: v

My invention relates to improvements in` that class of well-boring machines in which the combined auger and bucket turns with and slides on the4 vertical drill-rod or drivingshaft the objects of my improvements being to simplify the construction and increase the efficiency of the machine.

In the drawings, Figures l and 2 are sectional elevations of an earth-boring machine withmy improvements; Fig. 3, a plan-view of part of the machine; Figs. 4, 5, and 6, vertical and plan views of the auger; and Fig. 7,

a longitudinal section of the driving-shaft.

but adjustable on, the shaft, and having a iiange, 1', at its upper edge. The sweep carries a bolt, e', which, sliding into recesses s in the block J, serves to connect the sweep to the block. A grooved pulley, C, turns on the stud a, and has at its upper face an annular ratchet, b, adapted to a similar ratchet, b', on the under side of the hub K. The auger E consists of a rectangular frame, F, the sides 1o p of which are sharpened to form cuttingedges z z-a horizontal ring, g, to which are hung, at their upper edges, the curved sides f f, of thin metal, and bottom plates h h hung to the lower cross-piece of the frame, and, when in a horizontal position, resting on lugs j near the lower edgesof the sides f. The edges of each side piece f are a short distance' from the edges z z but lips g g bear against the sides p p of the frame, and prevent the weight of the earth from forcing the side pieces outward. A pin, c, limits the downward movement of the auger on the shaft, and the lower cross-piece of the frame is bent downward at.

on the block is a loose sleeve, n, to one side4 of which is hung an arm, o, sharpened at the outer end, jointed in the center, and provided with a sleeve, s, for covering the joint. The

elevating-rope t is connected to the inner section of the rod o, and. is guided by vertical grooved pulleys a n', and a horizontal roller, lu, hung to brackets on the frame, to the pulley G, round which it passes to, and is secured in, a notched projection, fw, on the plate B. To the upper cross-piece of the frame F of the auger is jointed, at y, a reamer, I, consisting of two sections, the outer being slotted and secured by set-screws to the inner section, and being bent up at the outer end to form a cutter. vThe reamer is secured to the block 'm by.

a chain, kf, so much shorter than the chains k that, when the block is raised in elevating Lthe auger, the reamer will assume an inclined position, so as not to come in contact with the sides of the well. f

Prior to boring a well, the shaft is driven into the ground as far as the pin e, the sides and bottom plates of the auger are brought to the position shown in Figs. l and 6, and the sweep, with the block J, is raised upon the shaft, the weight of thesweep binding the block on the shaft, as in the machine for which Letters Patent were issued to me on the 8th day of July, 1873, in which the hub slides directly on the shaft. On turning the sweep in the direction of itsarrow, Fig. 3, the inclined cutters will loosen and raise the earth, which,

with that cut away by the reamer and by the edges z z, will pass into the auger. The auger, with the shaft D, descends until the block J rests upon the stud a, when the sweep and block are again raised on the shaft, these operations being continued until the bore is of suiiicient depth, or the auger is filled with earth.

When the contents of the auger are to be removed, the bolt e is withdrawn, and the sweep descends upon the pulley c until the ratchets b b' arein contact, the revolutionV of the sweep being then imparted to the pulley c, and elevating the auger on the shaft without moving the latter.

A barrow being brought beneath the auger, the sides ff are drawn outward slightly, when the bottom plates h h will fall to the vertical position shown in Fig. 2, and discharge the contents of the auger into the barrow, which is then removed to permit the auger to belowered after restoring the sides and bottom pieces to their proper positions. The arm o, the outer end of which penetrates the sides of the well as the auger descends, prevents the sleeve a from turning with the auger and twisting the rope or chain t around the shaft. When the auger is raised, the sleeve s is pushed back and the arm o bent at the joint, so as to permit the auger to be brought close to the plate B.

It will be seen that the tubular stud a sustains the lateral pressure of the sweep and the strain imparted to the pulley C in elevating the loaded auger, thus avoiding all strain upon and wear of the shaft D. It will also be seen that the block J prevents the wearing of the shaft that would result from the direct contact with the latter of the hub K. By hanging the bottom pieces h h to the frame instead of to the sides ff, and by hin ging the latter at the top instead of at the side edges, as heretofore, the auger is rendered more compact and durable, and its contents are more easily discharged. By making the reamer in two sections, the outer being adjustable, the diameter of the bore may be increased, as the auger descends, to any desired extent. To sustain the weight of the shaft, when of great length, an adjust able sleeve, N, secured on the shaft by a setscrew, is arranged so as to rest upon the forked end of a lever, B, hung to the plate B.

In boring wells of little depth, a shaft consisting of a single bar, or two or more bars, mortised at the ends and joined, as shown at u, Fig. 1, may be used; but for wells of great depth, I employ a shaft consisting of sections, each of which is recessed at one end to receive a square projection, q, on the end of the adjacent section, pins or screws xsecuring the sections together, as shown in Fig. 7, and the sections are enlarged at the ends, so that the projections and corresponding recesses may be of such a size as to form a coupling capable of resisting the strains to which the shaft is subjected. 'Io reduce the weight of the shaft to the greatest possible extent, the sections between the heads are reduced in diameter. The lowest section of the shaft is square, adapted to the square recesses in the auger-frame, and -so much larger in diameter than the enlargementsy at the joint that the auger will pass readily over the said enlargements. The block 'm may slide upon a' tubular stud, W, projecting from the frame F, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 2, or it may be secured directly to the frame F, in which case the reamer I will have no upward motion.

It will be seen that the tubular stud a may extend from the pulley C into a recess in the plate B instead of projecting from the plate into the pulley.

Without confining myself to the precise construction and arrangement of parts described, I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The combination of the plate B, pulley C, operating the elevating-rope, and tubular projection a, as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination of the shaft D, its block J, and the sweep, adjustable on and with the block and provided with a retaining device, for the purpose set forth. Y

3. The combination, with the frame of the machine, of a slotted projection, w, for thel purpose described.

4. The combination, with the shaft D and with the sleeve N adjustable on the shaft, of the suspended lever V, forked at the end and projecting beneath and supporting the sleeve and rod without preventing their rotation, as described.

5. The combination of the frame F, hinged sides f, and bottom pieces h, substantially as described.

6. The combination, in an auger, of a frame i supporting the sides, and beveled and sharpcned to form vertical cutting-edges z z, as set forth.

7. The combination of au auger and a reamer arranged above the auger, and capable of both inward and upwardmovelnents, substantially as specified.

8. The combination, with the auger, of the block m, secured to the auger and to the reamer and having a limited sliding movement independent of the auger on the shaft D, as set forth.

9. The arm o, combined with the auger and jointed and provided with a sliding sleeve, s, as set forth.

In testimony whereof Iv have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM H. SALYER.

Witnesses D. W. MGNAIR, W. M. '.DENNEYf 

